Therefore, they are less prone to slip into destructive patterns of tension and conflict when different interests collide. Rather, by respecting diversity, they harness the potential residing in their societal diversity (in terms of ideas, opinions, skills, etc.). Such societies are not necessarily demographically homogenous. A socially cohesive society is one where all groups have a sense of belonging, participation, inclusion, recognition and legitimacy. Social cohesion is a related concept that parallels that of social integration in many respects. Such efforts include policies and actions that promote equal access to (public) services as well as enable citizen’s participation in the decision-making processes that affect their lives. in terms of Education legislation, schools may exclude children for disciplinary reasons, either for a fixed period or permanently. Social inclusion is the process by which efforts are made to ensure equal opportunities – that everyone, regardless of their background, can achieve their full potential in life. Such an inclusive society must be based on the principles of embracing – not coercing or forcing – diversity and using participatory processes that involve all stakeholders in the decision-making that affects their lives. Disability inclusion means understanding the relationship between the way people function and how they participate in society, and making sure everybody has the same opportunities to participate in every aspect of life to the best of their abilities and desires. The goal of social integration is to create “a more stable, safe and just society for all”, in which every individual, each with rights and responsibilities, has an active role to play. Such a society fosters, at the same time, emanates from well-being of each individual, mutual trust, sense of belonging and inter-connectedness. As such, it over-rides differences of race, gender, class, generation, and geography, and ensures equal opportunities for all to achieve full potential in life, regardless of origin. Such an inclusive society is equipped with mechanisms which accommodate diversity, and facilitate/enable people’s active participation in their political, economic and social lives. strengthening and sustaining the participation of all students, teachers, parents and community members in the work of the school. The World Summit for Social Development in Copenhagen in 1995 defined an inclusive society as “a society for all’, in which every individual, each with rights and responsibilities, has an active role to play (United Nations, 1995, para 66). PRACTICE OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION The practice of developing inclusive schools involves Understanding Inclusion as a continuing process, not a one time event.
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